This thesis describes an in-depth study of an indolizine-based fluorophore, from understanding of its structure-photophysical property relationship to its application as a useful biological reporter.Organic fluorophores have been extensively used in the field of molecular biology owing to their excellent photophysical property, suitable cell permeability, and synthetic flexibility. Understanding of the structure-photophysical property relationship of a given fluorophore often paves...

This book serves as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners in related fields, providing timely insights into recent progress in robotics and artificial intelligence. Today, AI's capabilities exceed human limitations. As AI generates texts, images, and videos, the boundaries between virtual reality and the physical world are becoming increasingly blurred. We are entering a new era in which AI agents can act on our behalf. With the continued development of AI agent systems, ro...

This open access book examines the interrelationship of national policy, teacher effectiveness, and student outcomes with a specific emphasis on educational equity. Using data from the IEA’s Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) conducted between 1995 and 2015, it investigates grade four and grade eight data to assess trends in key teacher characteristics (experience, education, preparedness, and professional development) and teacher behaviors (instructional time an...