Rome and Jerusalem: The Last National Question (1862) is a foundational work of modern Jewish nationalism, written as a sequence of reflective letters that combine political theory, historical meditation, and prophetic urgency. Hess argues that Jewish emancipation in Europe cannot be fulfilled by assimilation alone, because antisemitism persists as a national question rather than merely a religious prejudice. In dialogue with nineteenth-century nationalism, socialism, and the Risorgimento,...

In "Rome and Jerusalem: The Last National Question," Moses Hess intricately weaves a philosophical and political treatise that addresses the Jewish national identity and the quest for Zionism during the tumultuous 19th century. Utilizing a blend of historical analysis, sociopolitical critique, and personal reflections, Hess's writing reflects the influences of Hegelian philosophy and the burgeoning socialist movement. The book is a passionate plea for the unification of the Jewish diaspora...

In "Rome and Jerusalem: The Last National Question," Moses Hess presents a seminal exploration of the Jewish national identity and its historical trajectory through the lens of nationalism and socialism. Written in the 19th century, Hess employs a reflective and passionate literary style, intertwining philosophical musings with socio-political analysis. The text emerges in a crucial period marked by the rise of nationalist movements in Europe, positioning Hess's arguments within broader de...

Published in 1862, Rome and Jerusalem: The Last National Question fuses prophetic polemic with historical analysis. Cast as a series of letters, the book opposes 'Rome'—imperial power and assimilative modernity—to 'Jerusalem,' the emblem of ethical nationhood and renewal. Hess argues that Jewish emancipation without national restoration is illusory, advocating a return to Palestine and a cooperative, socialist commonwealth rooted in productive labor. Engaging the era's debates on nationali...

Published in 1862, Rome and Jerusalem: The Last National Question fuses prophetic polemic with historical analysis. Cast as a series of letters, the book opposes 'Rome'—imperial power and assimilative modernity—to 'Jerusalem,' the emblem of ethical nationhood and renewal. Hess argues that Jewish emancipation without national restoration is illusory, advocating a return to Palestine and a cooperative, socialist commonwealth rooted in productive labor. Engaging the era's debates on nationali...

Moses (Moshe) Hess (June 21, 1812 April 6, 1875) was a Jewish philosopher and socialist, and one of the founders of Zionism. Hess originally advocated Jewish integration into the universalist socialist movement, and was a friend and collaborator of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Hess converted Engels to Communism, and introduced Marx to social and economic problems. He played an important role in transforming Hegelian dialectical idealism theory of history to the dialectical materialism of ...

This is the book that ultimately led to the creation of Israel.European Jews had been vilified and persecuted for centuries, and Moses Hess discussed it long before the rise of Hitler and Nazism.He believed that the Jews would always be homeless, unwelcomed people unless they had their own country, and was the first to introduce the concepts of Zionism, and the first to call for the foundation of a Jewish socialist commonwealth.Hess blends secular and religious phil...

Everyone's Been Asking – What is Bitcoin?Learn the Ins and Outs of Bitcoin, the elusive new currency, including Bitcoin Mining, how to buy, sell and invest, and how you can achieve long term profits!Bitcoin has been brooding within the tech community over the last few years. However, within the past few months, Bitcoin has exploded into the mainstream and is being covered in every notable new source with commentary almost everyday.What is this mysterious currency?

In this compelling set of interviews, the intellectual discusses contemporary threats to democracy, from economic inequality to the Trump presidency.In wide-ranging discussions with David Barsamian, his longtime interlocutor, Noam Chomsky asks us to consider "the world we are leaving to our grandchildren": one imperiled by climate change and the growing potential for nuclear war. If the current system is incapable of dealing with these threats, he argues, it's up to...

On tax day, April 15, 2010, hundreds of thousands of Americans took to the streets with signs demanding lower taxes on the richest one percent. But why? Rich people have plenty of political influence. Why would they need to publicly demonstrate for lower taxes-and why would anyone who wasn't rich join the protest on their behalf? Isaac William Martin shows that such protests long predate the Tea Party of our own time. Ever since the Sixteenth Amendment introduced a Federal income tax in 19...

This book represents an extraordinary journey for me, one that extends over a period of 25 years. After observing several economic boom and bust cycles and researching several more, I have reached an understanding and appreciation of the power and massive influence of these events. Even though each boom and bust cycle is fundamentally different, there are similar themes, factors and cyclical patterns that repeat themselves throughout the bull and bear markets. As one period ends, another s...