In "A Brief History of Modern Philosophy," Harald Høffding presents an incisive overview of the evolution of philosophical thought from the Renaissance to the 19th century. Høffding's literary style is marked by clarity and precision, making complex philosophical ideas accessible to a broader audience. He deftly navigates through the pivotal figures and movements that shaped modern philosophy, exploring not only their fundamental concepts but also the socio-cultural contexts that influence...

"Evolution in Modern Thought" is a significant work that explores the intricate ideas surrounding evolution and its impact on contemporary philosophy and science. The book delves into the contributions of notable figures such as William Bateson, who advanced the understanding of genetics, and Ernst Haeckel, who popularized evolutionary theory. It also examines the philosophical implications of evolution as discussed by thinkers like J. B. Bury and Harald Hoffding, providing a comprehensive...

Harald Høffding's A Brief History of Modern Philosophy condenses the rise of modern thought from the Renaissance and Descartes through empiricism, criticism, idealism, positivism, and nineteenth-century debates. Written with lucid compression rather than ornamental rhetoric, it treats philosophy as a living dialogue between metaphysics, science, psychology, religion, and ethics. Høffding's narrative is historically disciplined yet interpretive: systems are not catalogued merely as doctrine...

Wilhelm Leibnitz, like Descartes, Hobbes and Spinoza, is convinced of the importance of the mechanical explanation of nature. His three predecessors regarded the mechanical principles as self-evident and as given once for all, and assumed the task of interpreting the various elements of reality in harmony with the principle of mechanical causality. Leibnitz however subjects the principle of causality to a profounder analysis by inquiring into its presuppositions and seeking to refer it bac...

In "A Brief History of Modern Philosophy," Harald Høffding provides a comprehensive and accessible overview of the philosophical developments from the Renaissance to the early twentieth century. Written with a clarity that reflects Høffding's expertise as both a philosopher and educator, the book employs a chronological structure that meticulously traces the evolution of modern thought. Høffding presents key figures—such as Descartes, Spinoza, and Kant—with an emphasis on their contributio...

René Descartes is one the great philosophers and scientists whose thoughts and works influenced the development of the modern philosophy. He is also known for his Cartesian coordinate system in Mathematics. He was, in the full sense of the word, a partaker of the modern spirit and the first of the modern school of mathematicians. What is the influence of his work on the scientific thoughts up to nowadays? This is the story of René Descartes, the founder of the modern philosophy, the father...

What is Enlightenment?Enlightenment is man's release from his self-incurred tutelage. Tutelage is man's inability to make use of his understanding without direction from another. Self-incurred is this tutelage when its cause lies not in lack of reason but in lack of resolution and courage to use it without direction from another. "Have courage to use your own reason!" - that is the motto of enlightenment.

Immanuel Kant and the Critical Philosophy."The critical philosophy has nothing to do with a theory of the evolution of knowledge, in the modern sense of the word. Its distinctive task is to discover the necessary principles which must be presupposed—howsoever human nature may be constituted—if a mental function, no matter whether it be cognition, aesthetic or ethical evaluation, or religious trust, is to attain any valid results. It investigates the conditions of the v...

Born to be misunderstood, Spinoza was a man whose theology was banned for Godlessness. The very virtuosity of his reasoning left logicians unsettled, while even to professional thinkers in our own time, Spinoza has seemed too clever by half.And yet, as Roger Scruton shows in this strikingly readable introduction to the man and his though, Spinoza's concerns were both simple and sublime. Few philosophers, indeed, have shown such a straightforward, sustained and honest interest in un...

Regarded as the central figure of modern philosophy, Immanuel Kant produced comprehensive and systematic work in the theory of knowledge, ethics and aesthetics, which greatly influenced all subsequent philosophy. In his major work, ‘The Critique of Pure Reason’, Kant analyses the relationship between reason and human experience, moving beyond the failures of traditional philosophy and metaphysics. This comprehensive eBook presents Kant’s collected works, with numerous illustrations...

In 2005 St Andrews Studies published a volume of essays by Anscombe entitled Human Life, Action and Ethics, followed in 2008 by a second with the title Faith in a Hard Ground. Both books were highly praised. This third volume brings essays on the thought of historical philosophers in which Anscombe engages directly with their ideas and arguments. Many are published here for the first time and the collection provides further testimony to Anscombe's insight and intellectual imagination.

Dive deep into the realms of moral philosophy with the timeless classic, "The Critique of Practical Reason" by Immanuel Kant, now available as a convenient ebook. This seminal work, first published in 1788, continues to influence philosophical thought and ethical discourse to this day. In this compelling treatise, Kant explores the foundations of morality, the concept of free will, and the role of autonomy in crafting a meaningful life.Through his rigorous analysis and profound ins...