In this book, the authors discuss the recent developments in computational techniques for automated non-invasive facial emotion detection and analysis with particular focus on the smile. By way of applications, they discuss how genuine and non-genuine smiles can be inferred, how gender is encoded in a smile and how it is possible to use the dynamics of a smile itself as a biometric feature.It is often said that the face is a window to the soul. Bearing a metaphor of this nature in ...

AI in higher education reshapes knowledge creation, delivery, and evaluation. As AI tools become integrated into classrooms, research, and administrative systems, they redefine the roles of both educators and students. Faculty transition from primary sources of information to facilitators of critical thinking, while students learn to collaborate with AI as a resource. This relationship raises important questions about academic integrity, equity of access, and the development of human skill...

Contextuality of Healthcare Choices in Pakistan analyzes the contextual factors shaping healthcare decision-making in Pakistan. Divided into three thematic areas—contextuality of healthcare choices, power dynamics and the health of the marginalized, and emerging challenges and healthcare response—the book explores the complex interplay of social, cultural, and institutional influences on health-seeking behaviors.The book examines the nuanced fabric of healthcare decision-making in ...

Prepare for Microsoft Certification Exam 70-483: Programming in C#. The “What, Why, and How” of each concept is presented along with quick summaries, code challenges, and exam questions to review and practice key concepts.You will learn how to use:Lambda expressions to write LINQ query expressionsAsynchronous programming with the Async and Await keywords to maximize performance of slow applicationsRegular expressions to valida...

The collection of poems in this book is my view on the turmoil in my land, and the sufferings of my people. I have taken inspiration not only from the troubles of my people but people everywhere facing oppression and tyranny. Words can move mountains, and that is what I hope. My people are less heard of, so this is an attempt to make a difference and make the world hear our plight. I dont advocate or revenge. Words are feelings at a given time, and these poems will help you know how I felt...

After seventy-five years of independence, the history of Pakistan remains centered on the state, its ideology and the two-nation theory. Towards Peoples' Histories in Pakistan seeks to shift that focus away from histories of an imagined nation, to the history of its peoples.Based on the premise that the historiographical tradition in Pakistan has ignored the existence of people who actually make history, this book brings together historians, anthropologists, sociologists a...

The incorporation of AI into academia changes academic structures. From research methodologies to pedagogies and publishing, AI challenges conventional practices in knowledge acquisition, academic evaluation and production. While the applications of AI support enhanced accessibility, innovation and efficiency, there are also increasing issues and concerns regarding the ethics, values, and misuse of AI, including AI bias and regulatory gaps within academic institutions. Further exploration ...

This book provides a comprehensive overview of graphene-based photocatalysts, from the fundamentals to the applications. Graphene, the special material of the twenty-first century, has unique properties that make it an ideal candidate for use in photocatalytic activities. The book explores the basic principles of photocatalysis, including its mechanism and classification, and provides a historical overview and future prospects for the field. The synthesis and characterization of graphene f...

Explore this insightful foundational resource for academics and industry professionals dealing with the move toward intelligent devices and networksInterference Mitigation in Device-to-Device Communications delivers a thorough discussion of device-to-device (D2D) and machine-to-machine (M2M) communications as solutions to the proliferation of ever more data hungry devices being attached to wireless networks. The book explores the use of D2D and M2M technol...

This monograph explores the analysis and design of model-free optimal control systems based on reinforcement learning (RL) theory, presenting new methods that overcome recent challenges faced by RL. New developments in the design of sensor data efficient RL algorithms are demonstrated that not only reduce the requirement of sensors by means of output feedback, but also ensure optimality and stability guarantees. A variety of practical challenges are considered, including disturbance reject...

Sustainable Production of Microalgae Biomass as a Biodiesel Feedstock brings together the latest methods in the production and utilization of microalgae as biodiesel, offering new insights into how this can be environmentally-friendly, renewable-integrated, energy efficient, and in a way that supports the mitigation of the effects of climate change. The book begins by introducing the different feedstock options for biodiesel production and their selection, the various biodiesel production ...

In the last two decades the rates of crime and violence among the Palestinian Arab minority in Israel have increased dramatically. This book is the first to describe, analyze and understand this phenomenon.The authors identify the Israeli state policies that have dismantled Palestinian society and show how these have undermined or eliminated the authoritative figures and social structures that once supported and controlled this community. The rising violence in Ara...