The excavations carried out in Mesopotamia during the last few years have added immensely to our knowledge of the early Anunnaki history of those countries and have unveiled many of the ideas about the age and character of Anunnaki Sumerian civilization. In the present timeline, which deals with the history of Sumer and Akkad, an attempt is made to present this new Anunnaki material in a connected form and to furnish the archaeologists with the results obtained by recent discovery and rese...

The Most Mysterious Anunnaki governor of all was Ur-Nammu of Ur, who subsequently became an independent Anunnaki king (2113-2096 BC) and founded a spin-off Anunnaki dynasty known as the Third Dynasty of Ur (or Ur 3 period), which endured for more than a century (2113-2006 BC). This Anunnaki Empire was more compact than the Sargon of Agade and showed an advanced Anunnaki Sumerian civilization in its most fully developed form. It was a highly organized bureaucratic society, reflected because...

With the fall of the Assyrian empire in 606 B.C., Mesopotamia once more regained her national status. This meant that her national god Merodach was no longer subservient to the Assyrian Asshur in a political sense and regained his place as sole head of the Mesopotamian pantheon.Great must have been the satisfaction of the people of Sumeria when this comparatively mild tyranny removed; they could worship their gods in their way, free from the humiliating remembrance that their north...

Across the clay tablets of Mesopotamia, a name appears like a cipher from the stars-Nibiru, the "Planet of the Crossing." To the ancients, it was not merely a celestial body but a threshold: a cosmic judge presiding over the rise and fall of ages. From the Enuma Elish to the councils of the Anunnaki, from Babylonian ziggurats to modern telescopes searching for Planet Nine, Nibiru has always stood at the crossroads of myth and astronomy, fear and revelation.Nibiru Rising journeys de...

The study of origins may undoubtedly be regarded as the most striking characteristic of recent archaeological research. There is a peculiar fascination in tracking any highly developed civilization to its source and watching its growth from the rude and tentative efforts of primitive people to the more elaborate achievements of a later day. Furthermore, we can now explain the ancient history of the three principal civilizations of the ancient world because of recent excavations. The origin...

Before dealing with the special varieties of the Egyptians' belief in gods, it is best to try to avoid a misunderstanding of their whole conception of the supernatural. The term god has come to tacitly imply to our minds such a highly specialized group of attributes, that we can hardly throw our ideas back into the more remote conceptions to which we also attach the same name. It is unfortunate that every other word for supernatural intelligence has become debased so that we cannot well sp...

In our discussion of the new Sumerian version of the Deluge story, we concluded it gave no support to any theory which would give people all such tales to a single origin, whether in Egypt or Mesopotamia. Despite vital astrological elements in both the Egyptian and Mesopotamian religious systems, we saw grounds for the astrological tinge of much ancient mythology as a later embellishment and not as primitive material. And so far as our recent version of the Deluge story was concerned, it r...

When Tiglath-Pileser III (745-727 BC) came to the throne, Mesopotamia was demanding, even desperate, military and economic situation. Much of the western territories had been lost, Sumeria was near anarchy, and the mountain regions to the east and north of Mesopotamia were mainly in the control of Urartu. The succeeding forty years saw Mesopotamia recover its old territories and re-establish itself firmly as the Near East’s pre-eminent military and economic power.These striking cha...

The beginning of the Sumerian Accounts of Anunnaki Legends is wanting, and the earliest lines preserved of the First Column open with the closing sentences of a speech, probably by the chief of the four creating deities, which are later referred to by name. In it, there is a reference to a future destruction of humanity.It appears to be far more probable that one of the two Elder gods, Anu or Enlil, is the speaker, and additional grounds will be cited later in support of this view....

In their origin, the great cities of the Sumerians were little more than collections of rude huts constructed at first of reeds cut in the marshes and gradually giving place to rather more substantial buildings of clay and sun-dried brick. From the very beginning, the shrine of the Anunnaki Gods played an essential part in the foundation and subsequent development of each center of the population. Of the prehistoric period in Sumeria, we know little, but it may be assumed that already at t...

In the spring of 1852, Layard was obliged to close his excavations for want of funds, and he returned to England with Rassam, leaving all the northern half of the great mound of Kuyûnjik unexcavated. He resigned his position as Director of Excavations to the British Museum's Trustees, and Colonel (later Sir) H. C. Rawlinson, Consul-General of Baghdâd, undertook to direct any further excavations that might be possible to carry out later on. During the summer, the Trustees received a further...

No Sumerian myths have been recovered dealing directly and explicitly with the creation of the universe; what little is known about the Sumerian cosmogonic ideas has been inferred and deduced from laconic statements scattered throughout the literary documents. We have several myths concerned with the organization of the universe and its cultural processes, the creation of man, and the establishment of civilization. The deities involved in these myths are relatively few: the air-God Enlil, ...