The first possibility is that there is a cause both for the things that become, and those that are; the cause of the former being their becoming, and that of the latter, their existence. Again, neither of them may have a cause. Or, in both cases, some may have a cause, and some not. Further, those that become might have a cause, while, of these that exist, some might partly have a cause. Contrariwise, all things that exist may have a cause, while of those that become, parts may have a caus...

This monograph is the result of around 20 years of clinical and scientific work of the Authors. The goals of root canal shaping through the evolution of the principles of biomechanical instrumentation are discussed at the begging of the book, followed by the evolution of nickel-titanium instruments. Then the Authors describe the different stages of canal preparation, the cleaning and debridement of the root canal system. This topic is particularly important since mechanical instrumentation...