In the early twentieth century, theological modernism was gaining ground in the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. Conservatives claimed that there were modernists on the mission field but that the Board of Foreign Missions was doing nothing about it. In Thailand, the executive secretary of the American Presbyterian mission did not want to address the issue, claiming that "almost all of our Mission . . . are conservative in their theology, and liberal in their spirit." But was it true? In t...