"Practically all new information on the greatest empire of all and how it controlled and policed its frontiers. Absolutely fascinating!"— Books MonthlyAt its height, the Roman Empire was the greatest empire yet seen with borders stretching from the rain-swept highlands of Scotland in the north to the sun-scorched Nubian desert in the south. But how were the vast and varied stretches of frontier defined and defended?Many of Rome's frontier defenses ha...

As the most advanced frontier construction of its time, and as definitive evidence of the Romans' time in Scotland, the Antonine Wall is an invaluable and fascinating part of this country's varied and violent history. For a generation, from about AD 140 to 160, the Antonine Wall was the north-west frontier of the Roman Empire. Constructed by the Roman army, it ran from modern Bo'ness on the Forth to Old Kilpatrick on the Clyde and consisted of a turf rampart fronted by a wide and deep ditc...

Cromwell hath the honor, but Lamberts discreet, humble, ingenious, sweet and civil deportment gains him more hugs and ingenious respect.Much has been written about the first Civil War and the triumphs of Oliver Cromwell. Less is known, however, of the skirmishes of the second Civil War, especially in the north, or of the role and military prowess of the excellent young Parliamentarian commander Major-General John Lambert. Not only was Lambert a brilliant general who demonstrated exceptiona...

Issues in the public presentation and interpretation of the archaeology of Hadrian's Wall and other frontiers of the Roman Empire are explored and addressed here. A central theme is the need for interpretation to be people-focussed, and for visitors to be engaged through narratives and approaches which help them connect with figures in the past: daily life, relationships, craft skills, communications, resonances with modern frontiers and modern issues allprovide means of helping an audienc...

A military history of the campaigns of Stilicho, the army general who became one of the most powerful men in the Western Roman Empire.Flavius Stilicho lived in one of the most turbulent periods in European history. The Western Empire was finally giving way under pressure from external threats, especially from Germanic tribes crossing the Rhine and Danube, as well as from seemingly ever-present internal revolts and rebellions.Ian Hughes explains how a Vandal (...

A military history of the campaigns of Flavius Belisarius, the greatest general of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Emperor Justinian.Back in the 6th century, Belisarius twice defeated the Persians and reconquered North Africa from the Vandals in a single year at the age of 29, before going on to regain Spain and Italy, including Rome (briefly), from the barbarians. This book discusses the evolution from classical Roman to Byzantine armies and systems of warfare, as we...

History of three wars from the reign of Justinian, Byzantine emperor -- The Persian War, The Vandalic War, and The Gothic War. According to Wikipedia: "Procopius of Caesarea (Latin: Procopius Caesarensis, c. AD 500 c. AD 565) was a prominent Byzantine scholar from Palestine. Accompanying the general Belisarius in the wars of the Emperor Justinian I, he became the principal historian of the 6th century, writing the Wars of Justinian, the Buildings of Justinian and the celebrated Secret Hist...

Jordanes, also written Jordanis or (not common nowadays) Jornandes, was a 6th century Roman bureaucrat best known for writing histories. Jordanes wrote Romana about the history of Rome, but his best-known work is his Getica, written in Constantinople about AD 551. It is the only extant classical work dealing with the early history of the Goths. Jordanes was asked by a friend to write this book as a summary of a multi-volume history of the Goths (now lost) by the statesman Cassiodorus. He was ...

Theodor Mommsen's 'The History of Rome' is a monumental scholarly work that spans five volumes, presenting a comprehensive exploration of Rome's political, social, and cultural evolution from its legendary origins to the emergence of the Byzantine Empire. Mommsen's narrative is characterized by a meticulous attention to detail, a clear and engaging prose style, and an innovative approach to utilizing primary historical sources, making complex events accessible to readers. His work stands a...

Viscount James Bryce's The Holy Roman Empire is a fascinating history of the Empire.

Frederick I Barbarossa was elected King of Germany at Frankfurt on 4 March 1152 and crowned in Aachen on 9 March, crowned King of Italy in Pavia in 1155, and finally crowned Roman Emperor by Pope Adrian IV, on 18 June 1155. Kuhns Barbarossa details the Holy Roman Emperors ascendancy to the throne, his various campaigns in Europe, and the Third Crusade. A table of contents is included for easier navigation.

It was a ‘truceless war’ which Justinian’s ambassador had denounced against the cringing Theodahad when he heard of the murder of Amalasuntha. And in truth all the schemings and machinations of the Byzantine Court had been rewarded beyond their deservings by as fair and honorable an excuse for war as ever prince could allege. Lilybaeum and Gratiana, Sicilian forts and Hunnish deserters, had all faded into the background. The great Emperor now appeared upon the scene in his proper character...