In November 1994 the Norwegian electorate rejected membership of the European Union. Professor Archer examines the background to this decision both in terms of an expression of interests within Norway and in terms of national feeling. He then investigates the subsequent interaction between Norway and the EU through the European Economic Area (EEA) - which allowed Norway access to the EU's markets; the Schengen agreement - dealing with justice and border matters and the Common Foreign and S...

First Published in 1988. In 1986 Croom Helm published, for the Royal Institute of International Affairs, Northern Waters: security and resource issues, which included a number of contributions from the Northern Waters Study Group of the Scottish Branch of the Royal Institute. This Study Group brought together academics, businessmen, civil servants and serving officers interested in Northern Waters and helped arrange a number of seminars and international conferences. Its members a...

"As the number of peacekeeping efforts conducted internationally under the aegis of military forces increases, thers is more pressure to resolve the dilemma inherent in all peacekeeping activities-how to combine efficiency with legitimacy. This dilemma is particularly acute in the many conflicts that have mushroomed in the Eurasian region following the disintegration of the Soviet state. Given the history of Soviet Russian repression of ethnicnational entities, can Russia-the USSR's primar...

What is the role of international organizations in the international political system?The fourth edition of Clive Archer’s widely used textbook continues to provide students with an introduction to international organizations, exploring their rise and development, and accounts for their significance in the modern international political system.International Organizations fourth edition:has been fully updated to take into account the consider...

The first authoritative account concerning the lack of conflict in the Nordic region, this text evaluates why the area is more peaceful than the rest of Europe and whether there is a lesson to be learned from the area. Looking at cases where parts of the Nordic area have started to break away from the others and how this was achieved without violence, it also explores the settlement of demarcation disputes. By using this region as an example for the rest of Europe, this book tests the hypo...

This book explains what ‘small’ states are and explores their current security challenges, in general terms and through specific examples. It reflects the shift from traditional security definitions emphasizing defence and armaments, to new security concerns such as economic, societal and environmental security where institutional cooperation looms larger. These complex issues, linked with traditional power relations and new types of actors, need to be tackled with due regard to democracy ...

This book, first published in 1988, analyses the interests and activities of the Soviet Union in the northern Atlantic. It gives particular attention to the growth in exploration and exploitation of resources and to the problems presented by jurisdictional disputes. The responses of NATO, the United States and the Nordic countries to the expanded Soviet military presence are examined in detail.

Making often complex concepts easily comprehended, this book enables the reader to quickly build a solid and well-rounded understanding of the EU's history and present, covering:key debates on Europethe ambiguous relationship with the USthe EU's internal and external activitiesstructure and institutionsfuture developments and new directions.

This volume analyzes the Nordic and Baltic states' relationship with the European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP).Clive Archer presents a general background to the European Union's ESDP, the strategic situation of Northern Europe, the main security and defence policy issues faced by the states there, as well as outlining the main theoretical considerations concerning security in the region. Key chapters cover the three Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania and the four ...

Security Sector Reform (SSR) is increasingly becoming a cornerstone in international security and development cooperation. Indeed, the concept has often been seen as a panacea for many of the biggest threats to the world such as failed states, terrorism and poverty. In particular, this book focuses on the complexities of implementation of SSR across the globe and the actual and potential role for the European Union (EU) to play in SSR. As suggested in the title of the book, this involves n...

Nowhere in the world is China's rapid rise to power more evident than in Africa. From multi-billion dollar investments in oil and minerals to the influx of thousands of merchants, labourers and cheap consumer goods, China's economic and political reach is redefining Africa's traditional ties with the international community. This book investigates the emerging relationship between China and Africa to determine whether this engagement will be that of a development partner, economic competit...

At a time when diplomatic practices and the demands imposed on diplomats are changing quite radically, and many foreign ministries feel they are being left behind, there is a need to understand the various forces that are affecting the profession. Diplomacy remains a salient activity in today's world in which the basic authoritative actor is still the state. At the same time, in some respects the practice of diplomacy is undergoing significant, even radical, changes to the context, tools, ...