This book focuses on the experimental and theoretical aspects of the time-dependent breakdown of advanced dielectric films used in gigascale electronics. Coverage includes the most important failure mechanisms for thin low-k films, new and established experimental techniques, recent advances in the area of dielectric failure, and advanced simulations/models to resolve and predict dielectric breakdown, all of which are of considerable importance for engineers and scientists working on devel...

The structure of a growth or an etch front on a surface is not only a subject of great interest from the practical point of view but also is of fundamental scientific interest. Very often surfaces are created under non-equilibrium conditions such that the morphology is not always smooth. In addition to a detailed description of the characteristics of random rough surfaces, Experimental Methods in the Physical Sciences, Volume 37, Characterization of Amorphous and Crystalline Rough Surface-...

The thirty papers published in this book represent the latest developments in Discontinuous Deformation Analysis (DDA). The Numerical Manifold Method (NMM) and other numerical methods and their applications are also covered, as are the theoretical contributions of 3D DDA, modelling and visualization of 3D joint systems, and high-order NMM. Applications of these advances include the stability of underground works, rock slopes and boreholes.

Taotie model has only a head but no body. This book offers clearly creased diagrams and step-by-step instructions explain how to create 150 different Taotie models.

Urbanization is one of the most important phenomena in economic development. In the past three decades, Asian urban populations expanded by almost one billion, a figure expected to double in the next three decades. Clearly, both the scale and pace of urbanization in Asia is unprecedented in human history and will dominate the global urbanization landscape. Asia's urbanization, in turn, is dominated by what is happening in China and India, the two most populous, fastest growing economies in...

Understanding the stress state in the earth's crust is crucial for engineers working in rock, particularly with regard to underground construction. Experience shows that an adequately high horizontal in-situ stress has a positive effect in stabilizing large span rock caverns close to the ground surface. On the other hand, high stresses resulting fr

This book describes load modeling approaches for complex work pieces and batch forgings, and demonstrates analytical modeling and data-driven modeling approaches for known and unknown complex forging processes. It overcomes the current shortcomings of modeling, analysis and control approaches, presenting contributions in three major areas: In the first, several novel modeling approaches are proposed: a process/shape-decomposition modeling method to help estimate the deformation force; an o...

This book delves into modeling, multi-cluster interactive dispatch, and multi-energy coordination in distributed energy grid clusters, focusing on the integrated operation and scheduling of electricity, heating, and gas systems. It introduces innovative methods such as physical information fusion, multi-energy system modeling, and cloud-edge collaborative computing. Through numerous case studies and simulations, it validates strategies like hierarchical control, rolling optimization, and r...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic progressive disease characterised by hyperglycaemia. It affects many people around the world and creates burden for the individual as well as the economy. Chinese medicine can be used to support the management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus symptoms. Chapter 1 of the book summarises the conventional understanding of Type 2 diabetes mellitus, including aetiology, diagnosis and current available treatments.This book uses the 'whole evidence' approac...

Lossless Information Hiding in Images introduces many state-of-the-art lossless hiding schemes, most of which come from the authors' publications in the past five years. After reading this book, readers will be able to immediately grasp the status, the typical algorithms, and the trend of the field of lossless information hiding. Lossless information hiding is a technique that enables images to be authenticated and then restored to their original forms by removing the watermark and replaci...

This book offers step-by-step instructions and clearly detailed diagrams explain how to create more than 12 beautiful modular polyhedra. Modular paper folding is a paperfolding technique which uses two or more sheets of paper to create a larger and more complex models. Learn how to make donuts, toroidal deltahedra, dices, spikey balls, hidden cubes, flower & more.

The unfolded three-dimensional deltahedra are polyiamonds. This book offers step-by-step instructions explain how to fold polyiamonds into deltahedra with 12 faces or less.